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Available in Washington DCUnited States federal AI guidance named the failure mode in March 2024 and stopped naming it thirteen months later. Both documents are public, both are short, and almost nobody has set them side by side. Keynotes for federal leadership, associations and boards.
Rahim Hirji is available for in-person AI keynotes in Washington DC, United States, and for online sessions worldwide. He is a London-based keynote speaker specialising in AI and human judgement, and the author of SuperSkills (Kogan Page, 2026). He founded the skills platform EtonX, later acquired by Eton College, and led Quizlet’s international growth across more than 60 countries.
OMB M-24-10 and M-25-21, and the federal AI use case inventoryRead at the issuing body’s own page, and quoted in full below.
Watch the showreel · 2 minutes
A feel for the room before you put me in front of yours.
Every keynote is tailored after a briefing call, and the larger engagements start before the day rather than on it: a diagnostic of the client's own people, so the room hears its own evidence rather than somebody else's. What the room leaves with is written down.
What that has looked like: an agency business convening Asia, Asia-Pacific, EMEA and North America into one event, where the work was naming the recurring situations nobody had vocabulary for, and the company took that wording into its strategy; and a division of a very large company permitted exactly one AI tool, which after the constraint was examined moved to a multi-tool sandbox with different functions choosing different models, then repeated across further divisions.
Six of the seven engagements published on this site produced further work after the session rather than at it. The seven are set out in full at case studies, each with a line saying what it does not show.
How to read these examples. They are published to show how the work is put together, not as a client list for Washington DC. Most engagements are covered by confidentiality and are described without naming anyone; where a client is named anywhere on this site, it is with their agreement.
On 28 March 2024, OMB memorandum M-24-10 set the rules for federal agency use of AI. It used the term automation bias twice. Once as a formal definition: the propensity for humans to inordinately favour suggestions from automated decision-making systems and to ignore or fail to seek out contradictory information made without automation. And once as a binding minimum practice, at section 5(c)(iv)(G), requiring agencies to ensure sufficient training, assessment and oversight for operators to combat any human-machine teaming issues (such as automation bias).
On 3 April 2025, M-25-21 rescinded and replaced it. The successor still requires human oversight, intervention and accountability for high-impact uses, and a route to timely human review and appeal. Read the whole document and the phrase automation bias appears nowhere in it.
So the obligation survived and the name of the thing it guards against did not. That is the most precise illustration this research has of its own argument: the control stays in the document, the reason for the control quietly leaves. Both memoranda were read in full, and the honest limit is recorded with the finding: over-reliance, deskilling and complacency appear in neither, so this is one term rather than a vocabulary.
The categories changed too. M-24-10 distinguished rights-impacting from safety-impacting AI, each with its own definition and its own presumptive list. M-25-21 collapses both into a single high-impact class. The mechanism is at what is automation bias.

The 2025 federal AI use case inventory records 3,611 individually reported AI use cases across government, of which 445 are classed high-impact. Two hundred and fifteen of those sit in the Department of Veterans Affairs alone.
That is not a warning. It is an operating reality, self-reported, and it is the right starting point for a room that has spent two years being told what AI might do. The question a federal leadership audience can act on is narrower: of those high-impact cases, how many have a named person who could reconstruct the decision without the system, and how would you find out?
One gap stated plainly. No United States federal statistical agency measures what AI is doing to entry-level hiring. Both the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Statistics Canada point outward to academic work for that, and so does this keynote. The evidence is at missing rungs, graded for what it does and does not prove.
M-25-21 is a memorandum, not a statute. It was issued by a director and it can be replaced by the next one, which is exactly what happened to its predecessor. An organisation that has built its oversight arrangements to satisfy a memorandum has built them on something that changed once inside two years.
Which is why the useful version of this session for a Washington audience is not about compliance. It is about what an agency would still be able to do if the guidance changed again: who can check the work, and whether they could do the work. That question is at who supervises work they cannot do.
Federal leadership and senior executive service audiences, agency chief AI officers and their teams, association and trade-body annual meetings, government contractors and the consultancies around them, and think-tank and policy convenings.
He is the wrong choice for a briefing on what the law should say, which is properly the ground of the people who write it. This session is the operational question that follows: given the obligation exists, what does an organisation have to be able to do, and how would it know it could?
Keynotes run 30 to 90 minutes, in person or virtual. A 30-minute main-stage version of each talk is available for conferences; the full argument needs 40 or more. The sector examples change for the room; the argument does not. All three, with the showreel, are at keynotes, and the programme copy is at the speaker pack.
Drift versus Design: why most organisations hand their judgement to AI without deciding to, and how to design your way through instead.
Most organisations are adopting AI by drift: a thousand reasonable decisions that add up to judgement nobody chose to give away. Rahim Hirji, author of SuperSkills, shows leaders which mode they are running, where AI sharpens judgement and where it weakens it, and hands them the controls.
We Are Superheroes: AI is the suit. The human decides.
AI makes everyone faster, stronger and more capable. It does not decide; people do. Through a family story across four generations and three continents, Rahim Hirji hands the audience the seven human skills that grow more valuable as the tools spread. They arrive thinking AI is the story and leave knowing they are.
WTH (What the Human): a live test of a board's own judgement.
Business is being rewired as AI arrives, and human judgement is leaving with it. In three acts, Rahim Hirji shows a board what AI is changing in how organisations run, then ends with a live test of the board's own judgement, in the room and in real time. Nobody forgets the result.
A shorter list than most cities on this site, because Washington concentrates its large conference capacity in very few buildings and does most of its serious convening in rooms that publish nothing.
One scheduling note specific to this city and it is not seasonal. The federal fiscal year ends on 30 September, and the weeks either side of it are the hardest in the calendar for a federal or contractor audience. Congressional recesses move the policy-adjacent audience in and out of town on a published schedule, so a session aimed at Hill-facing staff should be checked against it rather than against the weather.
Rahim Hirji is a London-based keynote speaker on AI, work and human judgement and the author of SuperSkills (Kogan Page, 2026). For federal, association and contractor audiences the talk is built on the two OMB memoranda read in full: M-24-10 of 28 March 2024 and M-25-21 of 3 April 2025, which rescinded and replaced it, together with the 2025 federal AI use case inventory. The research behind the talk is published in full: 367 graded studies drawn from work across more than 200 organisations in over 30 countries, each with what it does and does not prove.
M-24-10 used the term twice: as a defined term, and as a mandatory minimum practice at section 5(c)(iv)(G) requiring agencies to train operators to combat human-machine teaming issues such as automation bias. M-25-21, which replaced it on 3 April 2025, does not contain the phrase. It does still require human oversight, intervention and accountability for high-impact AI. The words over-reliance, deskilling and complacency appear in neither document, so the finding concerns that one term rather than the whole vocabulary.
The 2025 federal AI use case inventory records 3,611 individually reported use cases, of which 445 are classed high-impact, with 215 of those in the Department of Veterans Affairs alone. Note the taxonomy changed between the two memoranda: the earlier rights-impacting and safety-impacting categories were collapsed into a single high-impact class.
Three to six months ahead for an in-person date in Washington DC. Shorter is often possible for a virtual session, and sometimes in person where the diary is free and the talk already exists in the form you need. Ask earlier rather than later. There is one of him, he carries advisory clients and other commitments alongside the speaking, so not every date can be taken.
Most conference keynotes come in around £10,000. What moves it: the time I commit, travel, how full the diary is that month, and how far the talk is built for your room. What moves the number is set out at what an AI keynote speaker costs. Tell us the room, the date, the audience and what you need them to do differently, and you will get a number within 24 hours. Schools, universities and charities are quoted differently. On travel there is one rule: outside London you book it and you pay it, because your rates are better than his and nobody is out of pocket waiting on a reimbursement. From London Heathrow to Washington is seven to eight hours, so an economy plus fare, arrival the night before, and normally two nights in a standard room at or near the venue. The five hour time difference works in your favour on the way out and against it on the way back, so a morning slot the day after arrival is the easiest thing to deliver well. A London booking carries no travel, accommodation or expenses at all.
When the decision has already been made and the session exists to announce it. When the audience has no authority over their own work, because the talk asks them to decide which repetitions are worth keeping. When the slot runs under twenty-five minutes, because the turn needs setting up. And when the session follows a vendor pitch, since order matters more than programmes usually assume. Where the conditions are wrong we will say so, and sometimes that means reshaping the session. Occasionally it means recommending somebody else.
Tell me the room, the date and the shift you need. A reply within 24 hours.
Enquire or email rahim@thesuperskills.com
Part of speaking across North America, alongside New York and Chicago. The parent page for all of this is AI keynote speaker. Browse every topic, audience and region, or take the speaker pack to whoever is running the day. Every engagement delivered so far, with the dates checkable at each organiser, is at the speaking record.
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